The prototypes textual are ways to organize and classify the different models that uses a transmitter to produce a message, either verbal or written. The textual prototypes are narrative texts, descriptive texts, dialogue, exposition and argumentation. Each of them contains a specific language and style.
The messages are organized into various structures, which have their own characteristics that help the receiver to identify the kind of text and the intention of the sender, whether it is to tell an event, describe an object or ask for a favor.
First paragraphs of Platero y yo, where the author describes his donkey. Source: pixabay.com
The purpose is to identify objects, people, etc. in detail, subjectively or objectively. Describing is indicating the characteristics of a person, animal, thing, feeling, place, space, whether real or imaginary.
It is to detail how it is, what are its properties, qualities, attributes, objectively or subjectively. Nouns, verbs and mostly qualifying adjectives are used.
Example: The first day of school arrived and the happy children made a long formation to make the entrance, sang the hymn and entered the classroom in an orderly manner. Upon entering, the teacher kindly greeted them and asked each student to introduce themselves, with their full name and the things they like to do.
- The dialogue
The purpose is to literally reproduce a conversation.
It is to represent an exchange of information between two or more people, using a hyphen (-) to indicate the turn of each participant along with their name, question marks, exclamation points for questions and emotions. Its purpose is to give you intonation and a sense of spontaneous conversation.
Example: The worker came to the office and the boss a bit upset
Boss - Do you think these are hours to arrive?
Worker -Of course not, excuse me sir!
Boss -I must admonish him or deduct the day!
Worker -Sure sir, excuse me again!
Boss -What happened to him? Why was it so late?
Worker -An unforeseen event occurred on the street. A little boy who ran out of his house and tried to cross the street alone. When I saw him, I ran up to him, picked him up, and stopped a car from hitting him!
Boss -Where did that happen?
Worker -I already told you, in front of your house, sir!
- The exhibition
Your intention is to explain a topic objectively.
It is to present an investigation, a study on a topic, a phenomenon, a process, with the intention that the receiver knows, understands and reflects on its importance, its application for life, etc.
Example: In these moments when technological advances worldwide change in an accelerated way, we must take into account the incorporation of technologies into the educational field. The ICTs are information and communication technologies, which have brought great advances in learning and are a great resource to develop the abilities and skills of students in various areas.
- The argumentation
Defend a point of view or an idea, with reasons.
It is to persuade the receiver using complete information that validates his opinion, to show that it is important and justify his vision regarding something trying to convince the other with evidence.
Example: The project for the construction of the ecological park is very important, both for community development and for the integration of young people in street situations. In the city of Valencia, they applied these strategies and managed to rescue almost 200 young people who were in danger of falling into drugs.
References
- Bassols, M. and Torrent, A. (2012). Textual models theory and practice. Barcelona, Ediciones Octaedro, SL
- Textual typology. Recovered from: cvc.cervantes.es
- Fuentes R., J. (2013). Prezi: Textual prototypes and characteristics. Recovered from: prezi.com
- Gómez, M. (2014). Textual prototypes. Recovered from: prototypes-textual-ey.blogspot.com
- Martínez Hernández, M. (2006). Reading and writing workshop I, a constructivist approach ». Mexico, Pearson Education
- Example of Textual Prototypes. Recovered from: examplede.com
- Reading and Writing Workshop I. Recovered from: dgb.sep.gob.mx.