SUBJECTIVEMAS: CHARACTERISTICS, EXAMPLES - LITERATURE - 2025

The subjetivemas are a number of linguistic units lyrical sender uses to take so explicitly their opinion on a subject in the text. The process of choosing these components of the language is not random, but responds to the context of production to which the lyrical issuer has been subjected.

They are called “subjectivemas” or “subjective expressions”, due to the evaluative load that they add to the discourse, explicitly involving the lyrical speaker. Despite the fact that no word is one hundred percent objective, there is a compendium of these that suppose a greater degree of emotionality and appreciation on the part of the enunciator.

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Among the linguistic resources or structures that can function as subjectivemes are verbs, adjectives and nouns. When verbs are used to fulfill a subjective function, they can be classified as axiological or sentiment.

The subjective verbs of an axiological character manifest in their usage an evaluation by the lyrical emitter of a dichotomous type, that is, dual and opposed to each other. The common thing would be a good or bad evaluation. When verbs fulfill a feeling function, they are mostly affective and axiological at the same time.

On the other hand, substantive and adjective subjectivemas can be presented in an affective or evaluative way. The first implies a connection and an emotional reaction of a lyrical emitter, while the second implies an assessment of an object or person, also with a dichotomous charge that takes it to two opposite extremes.

characteristics

They are a discursive trace of the lyrical emitter

Nobody communicates in the same way, using the same linguistic resources, or structuring their premises in the same way. There is something particular about the use of subjectivemes, which reveals properties of the personality of the lyrical speaker like no other linguistic device.

This is because the feelings and evaluative judgments of the enunciator, what he suffers, how he visualizes life and the things that happen to him without filters are exposed.

Therefore, by means of the charge of the "I" manifested in the speeches of any speaker, a judgment and a categorization can be made regarding the type of personality that it possesses.

There are those who have come to determine, in a very simple way, the degree of preparation, fixations, and even - if any - the presence of harmful behavioral patterns.

Certainly the subjectivists not only expose the thoughts and ideas of the subject, but also more intrinsic aspects of the human psyche.

They allow speeches to be modalized

When we speak of “modalizing” we refer to the adjustment applied to the speech so that it adapts to the intentions of the enunciator.

An important part of the subjectivists is not only to show the elements that define the personality of the lyrical speaker, but also to allow this to make the speech a communicative weapon that expresses everything that is wanted to be said in the most exact way possible, adjusted to its demonstrative requirements.. The subject made verb.

The modalizers are presented in two groups: those that alter the enunciation and those that alter the enunciation. The former show the degree of rapport that exists between the lyrical issuer and her speech, while the latter show the way in which the lyrical issuer evaluates the contents of the discourse.

To carry out the modalization in the statements, several means can be applied:

• Verbs in their modes: imperative, subjunctive or indicative.
• Verbs that show evaluation: estimate, believe, criticize.
• Adverbs that serve as reinforcers when modalizing: unfortunately, fortunately, happily, among others.

The modalizers of the statements can be presented directly or indirectly within the discourse. Two clear examples would be: "Go to your house", here a direct statement is evident; and “Are you going to your house?”, in this particular sentence, it is implicitly indicated that the action must be carried out.

They allow to see the different perspectives of the world

One of the most significant characteristics of the subjectives in the speeches is that they allow us to appreciate the vision of each subject regarding events, objects or people.

This “multiple appreciation”, if it can be called that, offers readers a rich panorama of considerations and evaluations regarding a specific topic, facilitating the conception of their own concepts - based on those of others - that match their perspectives.

What can be called a “multivision”, provides a broad criterion to those who observe it, contributing, to a certain degree, to a schematization of group behaviors and tendencies. A clear example of this is represented by social networks, containing a huge load of subjective content.

There are statistical and marketing companies dedicated to the study of each discourse on the networks on various topics. Their purpose is to make the most of the evaluative judgments of each subject, determine the tastes of the masses and transform that final information into money through the sale of the best appreciated products.

They support argumentative and conversational texts

Due to the high subjective load that these types of textual plots have, it is very common for them to be crammed with subjectivemas in order to express value judgments and feelings.

Authors, in argumentative texts, use them widely to support their criteria, demonstrate and defend their points of view to persuade the lyrical recipients of their ideas.

For their part, the creators of conversational texts use them to give the necessary nuances to the interlocutions that they reflect in their dialogues, to make them as reliable as possible, as closely as possible to the contextual reality to which they belong.

Examples

- Josefina deeply loves her father, I know it from the way she looks at him, her eyes shine beautifully, and her face becomes smooth and soft.

- Nothing will be achieved if we continue like this, we need to do something, make real, good changes in social structures. I fear that if we don't, the disastrous debacle will follow.

- The Spanish-speaker is a model citizen, extremely friendly, respects the rules, is studious and has a marked tendency to learn his mother tongue. All of us who love our linguistic roots have excellence as our destination.

- I do not know what you expect to go! I am extremely exhausted. Fortunately in a couple of hours I will be able to rest, however I would be very pleased if you left now.

Subjectivemas in these examples were underlined. They evidence the direct interference of the enunciator with both value and feeling judgments.

References

1. Chávez, LE (1971). Deictics, subjectivemas or subjective and modalizing expressions. Colombia: Polyphony. Recovered from: sites.google.com
2. Lux, A. (2008). The point of view in language: subjectivemas. (n / a): Reading of the media. Recovered from: leerdelosmedios.blogspot.com
3. Subjective. (2010). Argentina: Bloguer. Recovered from: oscarprofeuniversidad.blogspot.com
4. Cabrelli, A. (2008). Subjectivity in language. (n / a): Bloguer. Recovered from: analisisdeldiscursocomunicacion.blogspot.com
5. Álvarez, FM (S. f.). Enunciation, argumentation and subjectivities in the reformulation of the academic discourse of students entering the university. (n / a): Diffusions. Recovered from: revistadifusiones.net