The socialist production model is characterized by a system of production relations based on social ownership of the means of production. The material and technical basis of socialism consists in the production of machines on a large scale, based on electrical energy and covering all branches of the national economy.
Large-scale machine production constitutes the foundation for the formation and development of socialist relations of production, which reinforce the role of the working class as the main force in socialist society and serve to build the socialist economic system.
The socialist productive model ensures the rapid and stable growth of the productive forces in accordance with a plan. The distinctive feature of the socialist economic system is the harmony between the relations of production and the character of the productive forces.
Public property in the socialist production model
The establishment of public ownership radically changes the goal of development and the mode of operation of production. Direct producers are united with the means of production, full employment is guaranteed, work is assigned to each individual corresponding to his abilities, and new broad perspectives are opened for the development of personality.
The characteristic feature of a socialist society is the complete control of public property and the means of production, in all spheres and sectors of the national economy. However, there is the personal property of the citizen in consumer goods and household items.
The establishment of social ownership of the means of production creates the decisive prerequisites for the socio-economic equality of all members of society.
Under socialism, equality means the elimination of the exploiting classes, the equal relationship of all members of society, and equal opportunities for all members of society to use their capabilities.
However, equality does not lead to equalization, nor to equalization of tastes and needs, nor to the abolition of incentives to work. According to socialism, each one must work according to their abilities, therefore, a good distribution of jobs according to the skills of the workers will imply better results in it.
Economic management integrally combines the economic objectives and drivers that influence production, including profits, prices and economic responsibility. The broad participation of the working masses serves as the basis for the administration of the socialist economy and all public affairs.
Management by the people in the interest of the people is a typical feature of socialist society. Active and massive participation in various efforts should be used to mobilize domestic production reserves, using factors that intensify economic growth and assimilate the achievements of the scientific and technological revolution.
Socialism
The Marxist definition of socialism is a mode of production where the only criterion for production is use value, and therefore the law of value no longer directs economic activity.
It is coordinated through conscious economic planning, while the distribution of economic production is based on the principle that it corresponds to each according to their contribution.
Socialism is the political and economic theory that supports a system of collective or governmental property together with the management of the means of production and distribution of goods.
The economic basis of socialism is the social ownership of the means of production. Its political base is the power of the working masses under the leadership of the working class.
Socialism is a social structure that prevents the exploitation of man by man and is developed in accordance with a plan, with the aim of improving the well-being of the people and developing all members of society in an integral way.
Due to the collective character of socialism, it must be contrasted with the doctrine of the sanctity of private property that characterizes capitalism. While capitalism emphasizes competition and profit, socialism calls for cooperation and social service.
In a broader sense, the term socialism is frequently used to describe economic theories ranging from those that hold that only certain public services and natural resources should be owned by the state to those that hold that the state should assume responsibility for all economic planning and direction.
Origin of socialism
Socialism emerged in the late 18th and early 19th centuries as a reaction to the economic and social changes associated with the Industrial Revolution. While the factory owners quickly became rich, the workers became increasingly poorer.
As this capitalist industrial system expanded, reactions in the form of socialist thought increased proportionally. Although many thinkers in the past expressed ideas that were similar to later socialism, the first theorist who could correctly be called a socialist was François Noël Babeuf.
In 1840 the term communism came into use to loosely denote a militant leftist form of socialism, associated with the writings of Étienne Cabet and his common property theories. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels later used it to describe the movement advocating class struggle and revolution to establish a cooperative society.
In 1848, Marx and Engels wrote the famous Communist Manifesto, in which they set out the principles of what Marx called "scientific socialism", arguing the historical inevitability of the revolutionary conflict between capital and labor.
Other varieties of socialism continued to exist alongside Marxism, such as Christian socialism which sponsored the establishment of cooperative workshops based on Christian principles.
In 1870 socialist parties emerged in many European countries, however, with the ever-increasing improvement in working conditions, a greater division began to develop on the issue of revolution.
References
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