The types of artistic drawing have emerged in response to the need for humans to graphically represent emotions, ideas, stories, objects, people and moments through art.
Artistic drawing is a way of expressing what is perceived by the senses; it can occur in a representative-real or abstract way.
This has been developed for thousands of years and there are numerous recognized artistic exponents that have existed throughout history.
The types of drawings stand out in all the trends and styles of the same, since they are constant in artistic expression; this despite all the various cultural origins and various eras that art has lived through.
For example, artistic drawing found in Leonardo Da Vinci one of its most recognized representatives.
Da Vinci is known for portraits and landscapes, but also sketches of scale machines, plans, among others; grouping in his works even technical drawing.
Some types of artistic drawing are:
Landscapes
This type of drawing was born around the 15th century. It is believed that one of the pioneers in this type of drawing was Jacopo Bellini, from whom several notebooks with landscape sketches were found.
From then on, great exponents of the genre emerged with only landscapes. Some like Domenichino, Claude Lorrain and Nicolas Poussin, mixed landscapes with mythological and classical themes.
The best known exponents of the genre were Camille Corot and Van Gogh.
Fantasy
In the genre of fantasy, a large number of exponents gathered, to show visionary and surrealist themes for the time in which they were (between the 16th and 17th centuries).
Scenes such as Rafael's caves, allegorical of peasant scenes, among others. This surrealist genre, even in the 19th century, found a worthy representative in the French Gustave Moreau.
Illustrations
In this genre the artist is able to represent through drawing, the scene that some writer has narrated in a text.
In that sense, there are exponents who have given images to the most famous texts, to give the reader a better explanation. A great representative was Botticelli when he painted Dante's Divine Comedy.
Cartoons
This genre is closely linked to the genre of illustrations. It is said that it has to do with the exaggerated representation of the visual features that one has of a person or situation.
The finished cartoon points to Annibale Carracci, as its creator between the 15th and 16th centuries.
A great exponent was Leonardo da Vinci, although some claim that the best of all time was Honore Daumier.
Still lifes
This genre is identified by the representation of the still life. Objects such as fruits, flowers, among others. Here the use of shadows to create realism is handled.
Some of its exponents have been recognized not as cartoonists, but as painters, because the differences between the two techniques are very small.
These artistic representations have been recognized since the 17th century. One of its main exponents was Jan van Huysum.
Pictures
In this genre the representation of profiles is styled. To achieve better finishes, the portraitists used the use of colored chalk.
Portraits found great popularity in the 15th century, being its main exponents Pisanello, Jan van Eyck and Durer.
The latter was the one who immortalized the Emperor Maximilian. The evolution of this genre incorporated the use of colored crayons in the early 20th century.
References
- Casas, N. (2012). Techniques and secrets in Drawing - Painting and Restoration. Madrid. Spain: Bubok.
- Goetsch, DL (2005). Technical Drawing. United States: Cengage Learning.
- Ryder, A. (2014). The Artist's Complete Guide to Figure Drawing: A Contemporary Perspective On the Classical Tradition. United States: Potter / TenSpeed / Harmony.
- Salas, JL (1999). Specific didactics of plastic expression. Oviedo. Spain: University of Oviedo.
- Sanmiguel, D. (2003). Art of Drawing: The Complete Course. New York. USA: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.