THE 24 MOST IMPORTANT LEFT AND RIGHT NEWSPAPERS - CULTURE VOCABULARY

Some of the most important left and right newspapers in Spain and Latin America are El País, La Jornada, El Clarín, and El Comercio, among others. This selection is not easy to do due to the diversity of written media and countries with their own characteristics.

The distinction between left and right in newspapers is made on the basis of their editorial line. This is the set of principles that the media decides to defend at the time of its birth.

However, there may be cases in which the editorial line undergoes changes, either due to a change in the direction of the headline, due to the entry of new shareholders in the medium or due to other circumstances.

Following the editorial line expressed by today's newspapers, I bring you a compilation of newspapers, both written and digital, from Spain and Latin America.

List of the most important left-wing newspapers in Spain and Latin America

1- El País (Spain)

It was founded in 1976 by José Ortega Spottorno. Currently, it belongs to Grupo Prisa. In addition to its printing plants in Spain, it has others in Germany, Belgium, Italy, Mexico and Argentina.

In its style book, El País defines itself as “an independent, national, general information newspaper, with a clear vocation as a European, a defender of pluralist democracy according to liberal and social principles, and which is committed to maintaining democratic order and legal established in the Constitution.

It claims that it embraces all ideological or political tendencies, except those that are violent.

This head has been for many years the social democratic information reference in Spain. However, with the economic crisis, new shareholders entered the publishing group.

It should be noted that although El País was the main left-wing newspaper years ago, today it could be said that it is rather "from the center."

2- Eldiario.es (Spain)

It is a progressive digital newspaper founded in 2012 by a group of journalists led by Ignacio Escolar. It is published by the limited company Diario de Prensa Digital SL

The fundamental principle of this medium is respect for the truth and the work of the journalist. As stated on its website, it focuses on the economy "which affects people more than parties or markets."

It can be deduced that eldiario.es is a left-wing newspaper due to the focus and topics on which it focuses to select the information.

Some of them are the surveillance of power, corruption, democratic regeneration, the rights of people and animals.

3- La Jornada (Mexico)

It was founded by Carlos Payán Velver on September 19, 1984. Its creation took place when a group of journalists left the Unomásuno newspaper due to "irreconcilable differences with the newspaper's management," according to its editorial principles.

On their website, the founders of the Jornada affirm that at that time, only some publications were independent of power.

Among its editorial principles are "pluralism, the defense of sovereignty, a public, secular, free and compulsory education", as well as pressure on the State to exercise its responsibilities in other matters of public interest.

4- The Republic (Peru)

It is a national newspaper of social democratic ideology. It belongs to the publishing group La República Publicaciones and was founded in 1981 by Gustavo Mohme Llona, who held the position of director for a season.

Since its birth, the Republic has been associated with the center-left sectors of Peruvian society. As they defend in several of their editorials, they have always been critical of Fujimori and Montesinos.

5- Last Hour (Paraguay)

It was founded on October 8, 1973. It was born as an evening newspaper, but at the moment it is also of daily circulation, but morning. It belongs to the Editorial El País and its first director was Isaac Kostianovsky.

This newspaper was born during the strongest dictatorship. The editorial line was always quite critical, within what the repressions of the time allowed.

It was not without controversy, in 1976, it stopped being published for a time due to an alleged modernization. However, during this period Isaac Kostianovsky was exiled and Demetrio Papu Rojas assumed the leadership.

Among its editorial principles are "social commitment, professional suitability and democratic values."

6- Granma (Cuba)

This newspaper is the official organ of the Communist Party of Cuba. He was born on October 3, 1965 at the Karl Marx Theater, where it was also decided to change the name of the United Party of the Socialist Revolution to the Communist Party of Cuba.

It was a symbol of union, since in this newspaper the Hoy newspaper and the Revolución newspaper merged.

As stated on its website, "Granma's main objective is to promote through its articles and comments the work of the Revolution and its principles, the conquests achieved by our people and the integrity and cohesion of all our people together with the Party and Fidel.".

In addition to the newspaper, which circulates from Monday to Saturday nationwide, it has an international weekly in English, Spanish, French and other languages. The current director of Granma is Pelayo Terry Cuervo.

7- Aporrea (Venezuela)

Aporrea.org is a Venezuelan digital newspaper of socialist ideology that defends the principles of the Popular Revolutionary Assembly of Venezuela.

This website was created in May 2002 to host the ideas of the above-named organization and to defend the government of the then president, Hugo Chávez, from the coup attacks.

Its founders are Martín Sánchez and Gonzalo Gómez, both Venezuelan popular fighters.

Some of the principles that this publication defends are the values of equality and justice, as well as non-discrimination based on race, sexuality or religion.

8- The Republic (Uruguay)

La República is a newspaper with a daily national circulation and left-wing ideology. It was founded on May 3 by Federico Fasano Mertens.

The editor responsible for this publication is Gustavo Yocca. It is based in the Uruguayan capital of Montevideo.

9- Nueva Colombia News Agency (Colombia)

This medium defines itself as "a free, independent and alternative medium of information about the conflict, the social and political life of Colombia."

It was founded in 1996 but its Internet portal has been in force since 1998. Its current director is one of its founders, Joaquín Pérez Becerra.

This agency supports popular movements and fights the oppression generated by neoliberalism.

This publication also arouses the occasional controversy, especially due to the relations attributed to it by the Colombian government with the terrorist organization of the FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia).

10- El Faro (El Salvador)

It is the first native digital newspaper in Latin America. It was founded in San Salvador in May 1998 by journalist Carlos Dada and businessman Jorge Simán.

It is not exactly a left wing newspaper, but it is notable for its progressive business model. It is a totally independent medium that is committed to investigative journalism.

The main value it defends is freedom of expression. He takes an impartial stance and is critical of both right-wing and left-wing governments.

Another important aspect related to this medium is its link with Julian Assange's Wikileaks. It was the portal that this organization chose to send the cables from El Salvador, Honduras and some areas of Guatemala.

11- El HuffPost (Spain)

Known in its beginnings as The Huffington Post, it is a digital medium founded in the United States in 2005. However, it has international print runs in France or Great Britain, its edition arriving in Spain from 2012.

Its majority shareholder is Grupo Prisa, which has an ideological inclination very similar to that promulgated by the media in its North American edition: moderate progressive, postmodern and social democratic left.

It is a portal that covers news about politics, environment, technology, society, economy, culture, lifestyle, healthy life, feminism or social demands. He stands out for his satire and humor when it comes to focusing much of the hot information.

12- Public (Spain)

Público is a digital portal that was born in 2007. Originally it also had a paper edition, which was printed until 2012.

General information medium, he preaches courageous journalism from a progressive, left-wing and republican ideology perspective. His commitments to the reader range from denouncing injustices to supporting the Historical Memories of Spain.

Its first director was Ignacio Escolar (currently at eldiario.es). Since September 2017, it has been directed by Ana Pardo de Vera, a journalist and writer who, curiously, was born into a very conservative family close to the right.

List of the most important right-wing newspapers in Spain and Latin America

1- Clarín (Argentina)

This newspaper close to the center-right sectors belongs to Grupo Clarín, a pioneer communications group in Argentina and one of the main in Latin America.

It is defined as an independent newspaper and is the one with the largest circulation in Argentina. It is based in the capital, Buenos Aires.

It was founded in August 1945 and its current director is Ernestina Herrera de Noble. This publication has always been identified by a center-right editorial line and defends the developmentalist ideology.

Developmentalism is an economic theory of the 20th century, which emerged in the countries of Latin America and which defends industrialization as the main engine of economic development.

Since 2008, his confrontation with the previous government of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner in Argentina has been very well known, due to a controversy with the agricultural sector.

Clarín's web portal is one of the most visited in the world, with more than 8 million unique users according to a study by comsCore Mundial in 2016.

2- El Mercurio (Chile)

This newspaper was founded by Agustín Edwards Mac-Clure in 1900 in Santiago. It emerged as an evening newspaper. Previously, there was already a version of this newspaper, El Mercurio de Valparaíso, one of the oldest in the world.

This publication has always been identified as a conservative medium, especially due to its opposition to the government of Salvador Allende.

In fact, later it was shown that various media outlets, including Mercurio, received money from the government of US President Richard Nixon, in exchange for trying to oust Salvador Allende from power.

This Chilean newspaper belongs together with other Latin American media to the Grupo de Diarios de América (GDA).

3- La Gaceta (Spain)

La Gaceta is a Spanish digital newspaper that belongs to the Intereconomía Group, which owns other media.

Among the principles they defend are the values advocated by the Christian religion, the unity of Spain and the traditional family formed by the union of man and woman.

It is these ideals that make this newspaper a conservative publication.

It was founded in 1989 by José Antonio Martínez Soler under the name of La Gaceta de los Negocios. It was a printed newspaper, but in 2013 it closed this edition to be published only digitally, due to financial reasons.

It is based in Madrid and its current director is Kiko Méndez-Monasterio, who was elected in February 2015 to the position.

4- La Razón (Spain)

It is a Spanish newspaper of general information. It is currently directed by Francisco Marhuenda and belongs to Grupo Planeta. It was founded in 1998 by Luis María Ansón.

He identifies with a right-wing newspaper for his support for the Popular Party (PP) government and his constant criticism of left-wing parties, led by the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE) and Podemos.

Precisely, with the latter party, he has been involved in the occasional controversy for accusing him of illegal financing.

In addition to supporting the PP, he defends other institutions such as the monarchy and principles such as the unity of Spain.

5- El Comercio (Peru)

This newspaper is the dean of the Peruvian press. Manuel Amunátegui and Alejandro Villota founded this newspaper on May 4, 1839, which they held until 1861.

Shortly after, the ownership of the publication would remain in the hands of the Miró-Quesada family, although currently the position of manager is held by an external person.

Its editorial principles defend economic liberalism. It can be said that its ideological position is center-right. The position of director is held by Fernando Berckemeyer Olaechea.

6- El Universal (Venezuela)

This newspaper has always been a benchmark for the middle class and the most intellectual sector of the population of Venezuela. It was founded in 1909 by Andrés Mata.

It is a newspaper that has maintained a very critical line with the Bolivarian government of Venezuela, both with Nicolás Maduro and with Hugo Chávez. In fact, he supported the 2002 coup.

7- The Universe (Ecuador)

It is a daily newspaper founded in 1921 by Ismael Pérez Pamiño. It belongs to the Ecuadorian Association of Newspaper Editors (AEDEP).

In 2010, he was involved in a great controversy with the Ecuadorian President Rafael Correa. An issue that was fixed in 2012.

8- El Diario (Bolivia)

It was founded on April 5, 1904 with José Carrasco Torrico, a politician from the liberal party, as director. It is based in La Paz.

Among its characteristics are peace and independence. He pioneered the use of the Internet. Its current owner is Antonio Carrasco Guzmán.

9- O Globo (Brazil)

It is a morning newspaper that was founded in 1925 by the journalist Irineu Marinho. Shortly after, his heir, Roberto Marinho, would assume the presidency.

It has been characterized by supporting the military during the process of political opening in Brazil during the 1980s. It has also been involved in other conflicts for misrepresenting information about popular demonstrations in 2013.

Be part of a group with other media, including radio and television. In 1986 she received the Prince of Asturias Award for Communication and Humanities.

10- The Nation (Costa Rica)

In 1946 the first issue of La Nación was published, with a headline called Nuestro Derrotero, where it defined its editorial principles, among which credibility and independence stand out.

It was founded on October 12, 1946 by Ricardo Castro Beeche. Its ideology is center-right. It is based in San José.

11- The Spanish (Spain)

In October 2015, this digital medium came to light after months of micro-sessions to carry out the project led by the well-known journalist Pedro J. Ramírez, who had been dismissed from El Mundo in 2014.

Of general information at the national level, this portal does not define its political ideology very well, since its staff includes journalists of various political tendencies. However, its antecedents indicate that it is a center-right portal, akin to the unity and freedom of Spain.

12- Digital Freedom (Spain)

Spanish digital medium created in 2000 promoted mainly by the conservative journalist Federico Jiménez Losantos and his closest environment. It is based in Madrid and most of its original content is opinion articles, drawing on the agencies for the most general news.

Its shareholders have always been linked to people, institutions or Catholic and right-wing associations. Likewise, Luís Bárcenas, treasurer of the Popular Party (PP) assured that the conservative party financed the digital newspaper at many times.

ETA, feminism, the European Union, the economy, Catalan nationalism, Venezuela, LGTBI currents or communism are some of the issues that columnists and journalists from Libertad Digital usually address in a very critical way.

References

Style Manual of the newspaper El País. Recovered from: blogs.elpais.com.
Spotlights from eldiario.es. Recovered from: eldiario.es.
Society in the mirror of princesses. Recovered from: día.unam.mx.
Mohme Llona decided the editorial line of La República. Recovered from: larepublica.pe.
The Republic always maintained its editorial line critical of Fujimori and Montesinos. Recovered from: larepublica.pe.
Our history. Recovered from: ultimahora.com.
About us? Recovered from: granma.cu.
About Aporrea. Recovered from: aporrea.org.
About El Faro. Recovered from: elfaro.net.
Professional Criteria. Recovered from: grupoclarin.com.ar.
The Country (2016). EL PAÍS, the world's most widely read digital newspaper in Spanish. Recovered from: elpais.com.
Style Manual of Grupo Clarín. Recovered from: grupoclarin.com.ar.
In Clarín they say that Podemos is to Spanish politics what Almodóvar is to cinema. Recovered from: radiocable.com.
Ideology of Intereconomía. Recovered from: gaceta.es.
Commerce is renewed. Recovered from: analisisdemedios.blogspot.com.es.
History Newspaper El Comercio. Recovered from: grupoelcomercio.com.pe.

THE 24 MOST IMPORTANT LEFT AND RIGHT NEWSPAPERS - CULTURE VOCABULARY - 2024