- Branches of philosophy according to ancient times
- Branches of philosophy currently being studied
- References
The etymology definition of philosophy obeys the root of the word itself. The Greek word φιλοσοφία is composed of "phylos" or "filo", which means "love", and "sophia" or "sofia", which means "wisdom." Its meaning arises from this composition.
Philosophy is "love of wisdom." It is said that this term was used for the first time by the Greek Pythagoras between 496 and 580 BC. C.
This thinker, also well known as a great mathematician, once said that he was not wise. He claimed that he loved wisdom. However, it is not known for sure if the use of the term comes from there.
Philosophy consists of the analysis and interpretation of everything that exists. Even ignoring the term philosophy, in the ancient West the concern arose to separate from mysticism and mythology, seeking a more logical and real sense of things.
Philosophy manages to frame everything that exists from the perspective of the rational and coherent. Given that it literally means to love wisdom, any field of science, any discipline or other sources of knowledge can be studied and analyzed.
It is estimated that it was in the 7th century, in Greece, when the main stages through which philosophy passed to become what it is today begin.
Within the history of the philosophical origins the following stages are known: from the pre-Socratics to Hellenism, from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance, from the Scientific Revolution to modern philosophy and that of the Enlightenment in the 19th century and the philosophy of the 20th century.
Branches of philosophy according to ancient times
- Metaphysics.
- The logic.
- The rhetoric.
- The ontology.
It should be noted that these are not the only ones, but they are the most important.
The evolution of philosophy has had a large number of authors who contributed their knowledge to contribute to its growth.
In history names like Aristotle, Socrates and Plato are part of the general culture.
These are three of the most famous philosophers, but there are authors such as Picco de la Mirandolla, Ficcino, Tomás de Aquino, Plotino, Agustín de Hipona, Averroes, Kant, Shelling, Schiller, Rousseau, Spinoza, Leibniz Locke, among many others.
Plato claimed that the philosophers were contrary to the sophists, since the sophist claimed to possess absolute truths, claiming things that had no foundation, and charged for saying those things.
For Plato, the philosophers were dedicated to seeking the truth and the origin of things.
For his part, Aristotle, defines philosophy as a science that seeks and analyzes the causes and principles of things.
There is an expression of Socrates that can explain the feeling of the philosophers: "I only know that I know nothing." A philosopher loves to learn and know, and spends his life seeking knowledge.
With the contribution of these authors to philosophy, evolution was achieved and currently has more specific areas of study.
Branches of philosophy currently being studied
- Philosophy of religion.
- Philosophy of language.
- Philosophy of science.
- Philosophy of politics.
- Philosophy of art.
- Philosophy of education.
- Philosophy of the social sciences.
References
- Chambers, W. (1876). Chambers's Etymological Dictionary of the English Language. USA: W. & R. Chambers.
- Millán-Puelles, A. (2002). Philosophical lexicon. Madrid: Rialp Editions.
- Millán-Puelles, A. (2013). Millán-Puelles. II. Complete works: Fundamentals of philosophy. Madrid: Rialp Editions.
- Ranganathan, S. (2007). Ethics and the History of Indian Philosophy. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishe.
- Sellars, J. (2013). The Art of Living: The Stoics on the Nature and Function of Philosophy. Oxford: A&C Black.