TEHRAN CONFERENCE: MAIN FEATURES - HISTORY - 2025

The Tehran Conference was a meeting held in 1943 from November 28 to December 1. Representatives and rulers of the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States of America participated.

The Tehran Conference was the result of a series of negotiations that began in 1941. The main objective of this conference was to achieve the cooperation of the three territories to end the Second World War.

Each of the political leaders - Iósif Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill - carried a political position and a proposal to end the war.

However, it was Stalin's positions that prevailed over those of the other two, since to defeat Nazi Germany it was necessary to guarantee the cooperation of the Soviet Union.

For this reason, both Churchill and Roosevelt had to accept Stalin's demands, knowing that if they did not have him on their side, the war could last longer, or the post-war division could be complicated.

Consequently, both rulers agreed that they would support the Stalin government and the modification of the border between Poland and the Soviet Union.

They later agreed on what their war plan would be and how they would attack the Germans.

The Tehran Conference is currently considered the largest show of cooperation that the allied countries had during World War II.

Decisions made at the Tehran Conference

one-

They established that they would support Yugoslavia with supplies, equipment, and command operations.

2- Economic support and recognition of Iran

They established that they would provide financial support to Iran, since that country had been of great help during the war, especially because it facilitated the transport of supplies to the Soviet Union.

They also guaranteed that they would maintain Iran's independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity after World War II ended.

3- Inclusion of Turkey in the Second World War

They agreed that it would be convenient for Turkey to enter the war supporting the allied countries. They made it clear that if for that reason Bulgaria went to war with Turkey, the Soviet Union would go to war against Bulgaria.

They specified that in the agreement in order to guarantee Turkey's participation.

4- Operation Overlord and the promise to keep in touch

They established that Operation Overlord would begin in May 1944 and that the three powers (United Kingdom, United States of America, and the Soviet Union) would stay in contact during all operations carried out in Europe.

5- Other decisions

Destruction of German forces

They agreed on the destruction of the German military forces in order to prevent a future reorganization.

This destruction did not mean that all the German military were going to be assassinated, as Stalin jokingly said at the meeting and which Churchill opposed.

The destruction of the spoke was clearly referring to destabilizing them through the partition of Nazi Germany.

They proposed dividing it into five autonomous regions, which would be Prussia, Hannover, Saxony and the Leipzig region, Hesse-Darmstadt and Hesse-Kassel and the southern area of ​​the Rhine.

Stalin's promise to Roosevelt

This promise is not part of the document signed during the closing of the conference. However, Roosevelt made Stalin promise that the Soviet Union would declare war on Japan once they achieved the surrender of Nazi Germany.

Petitions granted to the Soviet Union

Both the President of the United States of America, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the Prime Minister of England, Winston Churchill, knew that it was necessary to ensure Stalin's cooperation.

Consequently, they gave in to some of their requests, among which the following stand out:

- They agreed that they would support the Stalin government.

- They also agreed that at the end of World War II the border between the Soviet Union (USSR) and Poland would be modified. They established that the border of the USSR would reach the Curzon line, and that the rest of the territory of Poland would join the east of Germany.

Tehran Conference atmosphere

The Tehran conference was held in a disorganized way, without following specific parameters through which each of the rulers made their point. In this case, Roosevelt was acting more casually.

According to what Churchill mentioned, President Roosevelt did not take into account the opinions of the advisers who went with him.

This disorganization was Stalin's own strategy, with the intention of knowing his allies and knowing how far he could compromise with them.

Stalin took advantage of the fact that Roosevelt was his special guest at the Russian embassy to establish a camaraderie and have him on his side throughout the conference.

This was not difficult for him, as Roosevelt wanted to reduce the power of the United Kingdom and during the Tehran Conference he opposed most of Churchill's proposals.

Roosevelt knew that giving in to Churchill's requests would give Britain greater strength and power.

During the Tehran Conference, Roosevelt and Stalin agreed on almost everything and left Churchill aside in certain conversations they had.

Roosevelt went so far as to support Stalin in such strong jokes as the mention of executing 50,000 German soldiers.

This did not please Churchill, who said that only war criminals should be tried according to the Moscow document and that for no reason should soldiers who fought for their country be executed in cold blood.

Why was Tehran chosen to host the Conference?

The place was practically chosen by Stalin since the Russian president did not want to be absent from Moscow for long.

For this he established that he would agree to meet only if the meeting was held in any city from where he could return to Moscow in twenty-four hours or less.

Tehran was the most appropriate place to meet Stalin's demands, so eventually both Churchill and Roosevelt accepted the site of the meeting.

References

1. Tehran Conference. Retrieved on November 24, 2017, from wikipedia.org
2. The Tehran Conference- 1943. Retrieved on November 24, 2017, from history.state.gov
3. Tehran Conference. Retrieved on November 24, 2017, from britannica.com
4. World War II: Tehran Conference. Retrieved on November 24, 2017, from thoughtco.com
5. The Big Three at the Tehran Conference, 1943. Retrieved on November 24, 2017, from com
6. The Tehran War Conference. Retrieved on November 24, 2017, from historylearningsite.co.uk
7. 28, 1943 Allied Leaders Meet at Tehran. Retrieved on November 24, 2017, from learning.blogs.nytimes.com