DISCIPLINARY SKILLS: BASIC AND EXTENDED - CULTURE VOCABULARY - 2025

The disciplinary skills are the basic skills that are considered necessary for a person to have a good command of a field. They are the minimum necessary to understand a specific subject; therefore, each field of study has different competencies.

Depending on the level of knowledge to be achieved, there are also extended disciplinary competencies. These competencies deepen the knowledge acquired with the basic ones and are specific to more advanced educations, such as high school.

Defining basic and extended competencies is a fundamental part of the educational process, since without them it is not possible to decide what it is necessary for students to learn. Choosing basic and extended skills appropriate to the level and age of the students helps make the education process much more effective.

Basic disciplinary competences

In Spain, basic disciplinary competencies are dictated by the European Union as basic resources that citizens must acquire to be adequately trained as people. Thanks to these, they can achieve good personal, professional and social development, in such a way that they can adapt to the living conditions of the developed world.

Basic disciplinary competences are defined in terms of a series of areas of knowledge, and they have more to do with "know-how" than with theory. Supposedly, with these basic competences, people must be able to function adequately in practically all situations of daily life.

The areas in which basic competencies are defined are the following:

- Mathematical competence and basic competences in science and technology.

- Learn to learn.

- Linguistic communication.

- Awareness and cultural expressions.

- Digital competence.

- Sense of initiative and entrepreneurial spirit.

- Social and civic skills.

Mathematical competence and basic competences in science and technology

In a world increasingly influenced by science and technology, it is necessary to have a basic understanding of how they work and the mathematics that underpin them. This area includes two fundamental competences: mathematical competence and basic science and technology competencies.

Mathematical competence is related to the ability to understand mathematics and apply it in different contexts, in such a way that it can be used to interpret, describe and predict.

Due to the structure of mathematics, this competence requires not only skills with numbers, but also others such as abstract reasoning, logic and analysis.

Basic competencies in science and technology allow students to better understand the physical world and their role in it. Its basic premise is the understanding of scientific method and thought; therefore, they are also related to rationality and technological capabilities.

Learn to learn

This competence is responsible for teaching students the fundamentals so that they are able to acquire new knowledge on their own effectively.

This category includes both study techniques and reasoning, planning and information search skills.

On the other hand, from this competence it is also about instilling values ​​such as motivation to learn and proactivity.

Linguistic communication

The competence in linguistic communication consists of the acquisition of the necessary skills so that an individual can function easily in social situations, in which they have to interact with and communicate with other people.

Because there are many different forms of communication, the person must acquire skills in each of them: oral and written communication, reading comprehension and even communication through new technologies.

Within communication skills we can find several fundamental components:

-Linguistic

It includes everything related to the correct use of language, such as syntax, spelling and lexical.

-Pragmatic-discursive component

Related to the ability to use language correctly in different contexts.

-Socio-cultural component

Ability to adapt our communication to different cultures.

-Strategic component

It includes the necessary skills to overcome difficulties and problems that may arise during communication.

-Competence in linguistic communication

Related to the personality traits that facilitate proper communication.

Consciousness and cultural expressions

This competition is in charge of everything related to the arts and cultural heritage, both of the culture itself and of others.

Students must learn to value artistic expressions and, to some extent, to be able to generate them themselves.

Digital competence

Digital competence has to do with the proper understanding and use of new technologies. In this sense, they care both about the safety of users when using these new communication tools, and about the ability to learn and adapt to use them properly.

For this reason, some of the basic competences within this field are critical thinking about these technologies, the acquisition and processing of information, and the creation of new content using these tools.

Sense of initiative and entrepreneurial spirit

Economic studies show that in the near future more than half of the population will be self-employed. Taking into account this new reality, students must learn to prepare and manage their own projects.

This competence includes legal and financial elements, but also emotional and way of thinking; both are essential to create your own project that is capable of prospering.

Social and civic skills

In an increasingly globalized world, it is essential that people learn how they should behave and what is expected of them in different societies and cultures. In addition, they must also be able to adapt to the social environment and relate properly to it.

Therefore, social and civic competencies are responsible for transmitting the fundamental role of each citizen in the world, as well as human rights and our role in the fulfillment of them.

Extended disciplinary competences

In higher education systems (such as baccalaureate or university education), the basic competencies are expanded with the so-called extended disciplinary competencies.

These competencies are ideas and knowledge that collect what has been acquired with the basic competencies, and amplify it in such a way that the people who acquire them are able to face the world more effectively.

Like the basic competencies, they are organized around different disciplines, but within them there is a greater division by fields.

Thus, we can find extended disciplinary competencies for mathematics, for syntax, for the social sciences or for biology.

References

1. "Disciplinary Competences" in: CBTIS. Retrieved on: March 12, 2018 from CBTIS: cbtis179.edu.mx.
2. "Key competences" in: Ministry of education, culture and sport. Retrieved on: March 12, 2018 from the Ministry of education, culture and sport: mecd.gob.es.
3. "Basic competences" in: Ministry of education, culture and sport. Retrieved on: March 12, 2018 from the Ministry of education, culture and sport: mecd.gob.es.
4. "Extended disciplinary competences" in: Council for the evaluation of upper secondary education. Retrieved on: March 12, 2018 from the Council for the evaluation of upper secondary education: copeems.mx.
5. "Extended disciplinary competences" at: Dr. Alfonso León de Garay Baccalaureate Center. Retrieved on: March 12, 2018 from the Dr. Alfonso León de Garay High School Center: cbttequixquiac.edu.mx.