- Comte and the first sociological studies
- Comte's most outstanding works
- Origin of modern sociology
- References
The father of sociology is Auguste Comte, who coined the term in 1838 in his Positive Philosophy Course. Other authors indicate that the precursor was Henri de Saint-Simon, because he spoke of "social physiology" or "social physics" to refer to this science.
Sociology is a relatively recent scientific discipline. Its historical background is the foundations of the French Revolution and the ideas of the Enlightenment at the beginning of the 19th century.
It arose in opposition to modernity, rationalization, capitalism, the urban growth of cities and the secularization of the modern state.
Comte and the first sociological studies
The first sociological studies begin with the ideas of the philosopher and social theorist Claude-Henri de Rouvroy (Count of Saint-Simon) exposed during the second half of the 18th century.
Saint-Simon is part of the utopian socialists and his theses inspired the intellectual movement called Saint-Simonism.
Later, Saint-Simon's "social physiology" is renamed sociology by his secretary, Auguste Comte.
Auguste Comte, also of French origin (1798 - 1857), is considered the father of sociology and is the creator of positivism as a current of thought.
Comte and Augustin Thierry worked with Count Henri de Saint-Simon, but after seven years both parted ways with him due to philosophical discrepancies.
What marked the breakdown of relations was the count's attempt to claim authorship of the work Plan of scientific work necessary to reorganize society.
In this work, Auguste Comte develops what he calls his general, heuristic, and diachronic theory of the law of the three stages.
After his breakup, Comte began the stage that he classified as "cerebral hygiene", with the intention of removing the ideological influence of Saint-Simon.
Comte's most outstanding works
- Course in positive philosophy (1842).
- Discourse on the positive spirit (1844).
- Positive policy system (1851-1854).
- Course of Positive Philosophy (1851).
Origin of modern sociology
Modern sociology arises as a consequence of modernity, the First Industrial Revolution (1783 - 1840), capitalism, the growth of cities, rationalization and the creation of the modern state by separating from the clear, a phenomenon called secularization.
After the publication of his book Course in Positive Philosophy in 1838, other philosophers and thinkers, such as Karl Marx, Max Weber and Émile Durkheim, became interested in sociological studies related to the European industrialization process and its consequences.
During the second half of the 19th century, the production of sociological studies with its own terminology, greater scientific rigor and the abandonment of empiricism continued.
Later, in the first half of the 20th century, sociology underwent changes in its methods and themes as a consequence of the so-called original crisis of French sociology.
The United States, with the help of European sociologists, successfully began studies of war at the end of the First World War.
These studies also sought to analyze the effects of the media and propaganda, among other aspects.
References
- Lucas Marín, Antonio and García Ruíz, Pablo (2002). Sociology of Organizations. McGrawHill - Interamericana de España, Madrid. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
- Nash, Kate (2010). Contemporary Political Sociology: Globalization, Politics, and Power. Wiley-Blackwell Publishers. Recovered from w.wiley.com
- Raymond Boudon A Critical Dictionary of Sociology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Retrieved from books.google.com
- History of sociology. Consulted of es.wikipedia.org
- Biography of Augusto Comte. Consulted of biografiasyvidas.com
- Weber, Max (1905): The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1905). Consulted of fortunatti.files.wordpress.com