- From bibliography to egraphy
- APA standards and photographs
- Quotes less than 40 words
- Quotes greater than 40 words
- Images
- References
The egrafía, also written egrafía refers to the addresses of the web pages viewed at the time of research work. In this sense, the egraphy is part of the bibliographic references, because it provides information from the consulted sources.
The use of the term “egraphy” for information retrieved from electronic media is much more appropriate than that used previously: “bibliography”.
From bibliography to egraphy
In the absence of a more specific term, at the end of the investigations, any source (print, audiovisual, online) was usually collected under the name of “bibliography”.
However, the word “bibliography” contains the prefix “biblio-”, which means “book”, so the information retrieved from web pages should not be classified in this category.
Thus, the term egraphy arises, in which the prefix e- refers to the “electronic” quality of the information.
APA standards and photographs
The American Psychological Association (APA) has established a series of rules to regulate the way in which photographs are written, as well as the way in which information obtained from electronic sources is cited.
The APA rules contemplate three cases of citations that are presented below.
Quotes less than 40 words
When you want to quote a text of less than forty words, it is included in the paragraph that is being written and is placed between quotation marks.
At the end of the citation, the author's last name is placed in parentheses, followed by a comma and the year in which the text was written.
For example:
Specialized languages are the result of the diversification of activities within a society.
In this way, different specialty languages are born that “… reflect the areas in which society has subdivided knowledge and experience for its own purposes…” (Sager, 2007).
In the egraphy, the following data will be provided:
Author (date). Title. Extracted on, from.
The egraphy for the previous example would be the following:
Sager, Carlos (2007). The evolution of specialty languages and terminology. Retrieved June 6, 2017, from
Quotes greater than 40 words
To enter citations of more than forty words, the appointment is entered in a separate paragraph.
The paragraph should be indented of one centimeter on each side and single spacing.
For example:
According to Fedor, the terminology is:
(…) The science that studies the formation and use of terms, understanding under “term”, any conventional symbol that is assigned to a defined concept within a specific field of human knowledge, and under “science”, a body of knowledge methodically formed and ordered (…).
Egraphy:
Fedor de Diego, Alicia (1995). Terminology: theory and practice. Retrieved June 6, 2017, from
Images
To place the author of an image, the following format is followed:
Author. Image type: Map, photo, illustration. Name of the image. Recovered from.
For example:
Bryan Talbot. Illustration. The Sandman: Destiny. Recovered from
If you do not have the information in the image, you should only place the link.
References
- Reference list: Electronic Sources. Retrieved on June 6, 2017, from owl.english.purdue.edu.
- Citing Electronic Sources in APA Format. Retrieved on June 6, 2017, from usm.maine.edu.
- APA Style Blog: Electronic References. Retrieved on June 6, 2017, from blog.apastyle.org.
- Citing Electronic Sources. APA Style. Retrieved on June 6, 2017, from deltacollege.edu.
- APA Style for Electronic Sources. Retrieved on June 6, 2017, from dentonisd.org.
- Cite and Electronic Source. Retrieved on June 6, 2017, from writing.wisc.edu.
- Citing electronic sources using APA referencing Retrieved June 6, 2017, from student.unsw.edu.au.