- How are the words esdrújulas accentuated?
- Exception to the rule
- Esdrújulas ending in “ísimo” and “érrimo”
- With unstressed pronoun
- Examples of esdrújulas words
- By the letter "a"
- By the letter "b"
- By the letter "c"
- By the letter "d"
- By the letter "e"
- By the letter "f"
- By the letter "g"
- By the letter "h"
- By the letter "i"
- By the letter "j"
- By the letter "k"
- By the letter "l"
- By the letter "m"
- By the letter "n"
- By the letter "o"
- By the letter "p"
- By the letter "q"
- By the letter "r"
- By the letter "s"
- By the letter "t"
- By the letter "u"
- By the letter "v"
- By the letter "x"
- By the letter "z"
- References
The proparoxytones are those carrying the accent on the penultimate syllable. Another way to explain it is that in these words the greatest intensity of pronunciation falls on the third to last syllable. As a general rule, they are all characterized by having an accent or graphic accent (´).
Examples of proparoxytones are you lé phone, pa ra meter, nu mero, anti bio tico, sa tea lite, ce ra mica, to name a few. As can be seen, the words esdrújulas must be composed of at least three syllables.
The words esdrújulas (also called proparoxytones) are those that carry the accent on the third to last syllable. Source: lifeder.com.
The accentuation of these types of words is not subject to as many rules as the treble and bass. The words esdrújulas do not abound as much in the Spanish language as the serious and the acute ones. Perhaps that is why its generalized norm of accentuation.
It is important to note that there are some exceptions that will be explained later.
How are the words esdrújulas accentuated?
Examples of esdrújulas words
Esdrújulas words are those that have the highest pronunciation in the penultimate syllable, counting from right to left. As for their accentuation, they always carry the accent, therefore their accent is prosodic and graphic.
To broaden the idea of accentuation of esdrújulas words, it can be said that in spoken language there is greater emphasis on pronunciation and intonation on the antepenultimate syllable. While in written language the accent is marked with the call tilde (´).
Exception to the rule
Although the words esdrújulas always carry an accent, there is a rule that is the exception.
These are the esdrújulas words that work as adverbs and end in “mind”. In these cases, the tilde is deleted and the accentuation of the adjective that gave rise to it is left. Example: fast (quickly).
On the contrary, there are some compound words that are formed by the suffix "mind" to which a tilde is placed because the adjective that integrates them carries the graphic accent (´). Such is the case of belatedly, politely, commonly, to name a few.
Esdrújulas ending in “ísimo” and “érrimo”
The words known as superlatives and which in turn are made up of the suffixes “ísimo” and “érrimo” are considered esdrújulas. This means that a tilde is placed on the third to last syllable regardless of where the adjective has the accentuation. Example: celebrated-celebrated; easy-very easy.
With unstressed pronoun
In this case, the verbs to which an unstressed pronoun is added, either le, la, lo, se, te, nos, me, among others, are given a tilde and therefore become esdrújulas words.
This formation of a verb with this type of pronoun is called enclitic. Example: take-take him; remember-remember.
Examples of esdrújulas words
By the letter "a"
- Antibiotic, Arabic, Aromatic, Athletic, Abacus, Academic, Hoarse, Latin, Angle, Trees, Aquatic, Analytical, Unfriendly, Apocryphal, Dressing.
- Apostrophe, abbreviated, apse, acolyte, acronym, acrostic, acute, Agate, agnostic, agonic, eagle, agricultural, alphabetic, algebra, high.
- Alien, anatomical, anemic, anorexic, amphora, antagonistic, antidote, antelope, unfriendly, antonym, cannibalistic, anthropomorphic, stateless.
- Apocope, Arachnid, Area, Arithmetic, Aromatic, Archaeologist, Arctic, Arthropod, Ascorbic, Rough, Athletic, Astragalus, Atmosphere, Golden, Automata, Mite, Acrat, let us know.
By the letter "b"
- Balsam, baritone, poultry, basic, approval, warlike, binocular, biped, binnacle, pen, British, bulimic, quest, boomerang, broccoli, staff, barbarian, articles, biblical, bifid.
By the letter "c"
- Cell, Circle, Copula, Chambers, Catastrophe, Famous, Classic, Comic, Spouse, Ceramic, Centimeter, Dial, Chaotic, Warm, Chronicles, Cambrian, Candid.
- Pitcher, hemp, chaotic, icicles, caloric, carboniferous, gullies, prisons, blue, cardigan, meat, carpetovetónico, cartographer, caspita.
- Professor, cathodic, catholic, caustic, cephalic, zephyr, celiac, centripetal, cetacean, cyclops, cyclothymic, swamp, zither, chlamid, coleopteran, commitee, accomplice, conical, cornea.
- Crápula, Credit, Cretaceous, Crotalus, Fortieth, Ulna, Cluster, Calendula, Canticle, Dial, Shell, Caucasian, Caveman, Hundredth, Central, Zither, Colic, Cosmic, Kabbalah.
By the letter "d"
- Deposit, drastic, deficit, Dalmatian, decapod, decrepit, decubitus, maze, demerit, gift, demographic, toothpaste, dermatologist, dermal.
- Despotic, diabolical, diabolo, deacon, dialectic, diaspora, dioxide, disciple, decade, decalogue, nineteenth-century, deposit, deacon, dictum, umlaut, wayward, drastic, dramatic, tell me, go to sleep.
By the letter "e"
- Statistical, economic, army, ecological, ecstasy, skeptical, scrawny, unequivocal, economic, ephemeris, elastic, electrical, electronic, elven, elliptical.
- Elysian, endemic, aeolian, eschatological, scruple, squalid, spherical, esophagus, spasmodic, spatula, spectacle, skeletal, statistical, bizarre.
- Clash, swastika, etc., exegete, foundling, epic, ergastula, erratic, scandal, spruce, aesthetic, din, ethical, aesthetic.
By the letter "f"
- Fanatic, fantastic, physical, phonetic, foreign, fable, factual, phallic, famished, phanerogam, farinaceous, pharmacist, drugged, fascicle, febrifuge.
- Fetid, physiognomic, folic, foreign, phosphorus, photosynthesis, starch, female, coffin, philosopher, physics, fistula, formula, furuncle.
By the letter "g"
- Geographic, geological, graphs, gramophone, small group, globule, buttock, gauge, gargoyle, gandara, gastric, gondola.
By the letter "h"
- Heptagon, heraldic, herculean, heuristic, hexagon, hydraulic, heterogeneous, homogeneous, humorous, humanistic, hippodrome, hero, hypocrite, hippopotamus, humorous, hieratic, hydrogen, equestrian.
By the letter "i"
- Identical, idol, suitable, fireproof, fearless, wireless, incubus, intrinsic, infamous, isosceles, computer, inhospitable, implicit, index, unpublished.
By the letter "j"
- Jurassic, jícara, jíbaro, ionic, jubilation.
By the letter "k"
- Kilometer, kilometer, karate.
By the letter "l"
- Logical, logical, linguistic, tear, sheet, lamp, whip, silt, legitimate, lexical, gloomy, logical, lucuma,
By the letter "m"
- Mask, mathematical, capital, maximum, mechanical, dune, medical, melancholic, Wednesday, minimum, mucura, multiple, muscle, machine.
- Macula, magical, millimeter, maritime, marble, majestic, corbel, melodic, messianic, malevolent, mammal, microphone, miserable, model, molecule, morbid, mustelid.
By the letter "n"
- Nausea, novelistic, numismatic, nanometer, medlar, nodule, nomadic, nouple, numerical, ñácara, ñángara, numbers,
By the letter "o"
- Oracle, orchid, osculo, oxygen, pale, opal, opera, optical, optimal, dreamlike, name day, opal, optimal, oracle, ordago, obyx, ojiplático, oil, oxygen, obstacle, ocean, orthographic.
By the letter "p"
- Pathogenic, pragmatic, practical, paleolithic, palindrome, hunch, parenthesis, pathetic, patronymic, pecora, pendulum, loss, oil, rogue, banana, potion, policy, gunpowder, proparoxytones.
- Public, quintuple, page, gunpowder, bird, film, pale, parenthesis, psychic, rogue, penultimate, pyramids, plastic, parish priest, branch, pancreas.
- Pamphilus, paralysis, wasteland, parasynthetic, parasite, parish priest, peduncle, pelican, portico, fainthearted, get ready.
By the letter "q"
- Chemistry, chimerical, Querétaro, chemist.
By the letter "r"
- Romantic, lightning, rectangle, ridiculous, hidden, recipe, kneecap, arugula, radish, radish, hidden, branches, rhetoric, romanesque, rubric, runic, rustic, fast.
By the letter "s"
- Sadist, sheet, salic, sandalwood, sanskrit, sarcastic, sardonic, satyr, satrap, silurian, semantic, sepal, seventh, synchronic, syndrome, solicitous.
- soviet, minion, succubus, supplication, sulfuric, saturday, entourage, nice, synthetic, sarcastic, satellites, sepal, nice, satanic.
By the letter "t"
- Tentacles, telephone, term, thermal, earth, puppet, tonic, tuber, earthling, tunic, technique, tentacle, triptych, tannic.
- Tantalum, tantric, tarantula, tartar, telluric, consumptive, titanic, torrid.
By the letter "u"
- Ultimate, unanimous, unison, uric, unanimous, unique, uterus, utopian, ulcer.
By the letter "v"
- Viper, vomit, vertigo, vertex, vertex, viral, vortex, vandal, valid, valve, vandal, vandal, varix, velodrome, vertex, victim, vortex.
By the letter "x"
- Xenophobe, xylophone.
By the letter "z"
- Drone, socket, zurumbatic, zodiac.
References
- Arias, E. (2015-2020). What are esdrújulas words? (N / A): Dictionary of Doubts. Recovered from: dictionarydedudas.com.
- 100 examples of esdrújulas words. (2019). Colombia: Examples. Recovered from: examples.co.
- Accentuation of the Spanish language. (2019). Spain: Wikipedia. Recovered from: es.wikipedia.org.
- The accent. (2003-2020). Chile: Woodward Spanish. Recovered from: Spanish.cl.
- Camps, M. (2019). When are the esdrújulas accentuated? (N / A): The Vanguard. Recovered from:vanaguardia.com.