FLORA AND FAUNA OF HIDALGO: MOST IMPORTANT SPECIES - BIOLOGY - 2024

The flora and fauna of Hidalgo enjoy great diversity thanks to its varied climatic and geological conditions. This state of Mexico has three different ecological regions: arid region, temperate region and tropical region.

For the state of Hidalgo, the protection of biological diversity is a priority. It has many protected natural areas of federal, state and / or municipal jurisdiction. These areas represent almost 25% of the state.

Opuntia ficus-indica

The 5 most important plants in Hidalgo

1- Agave

It is a succulent plant. It is estimated that the genus began to diversify 12 million years ago, with which today there is a great diversity of species, exceeding 300.

It receives many names such as agave, pita, cabuya, maguey, fique or mezcal, among the best known.

2- Opuntia ficus-indica

This is a shrubby plant from the cactus family. The plant is divided into stems that are oval, flat and medium green in color.

It has thorns and emits flowers and fruits. The flowers are borne at the edges of the segments. Its flowering occurs once a year and the flowers that are generated can be of different colors.

3- Yucca

It is a shrub that reaches two meters in height. It grows in the valleys of the state and requires high levels of humidity and sun to grow.

The roots are edible and very rich in carbohydrates and sugars.

4- Ahuehuete

It is a native tree of Mexico. In 1921 it was chosen as the national tree for its splendor, beauty, colossal dimensions, longevity and tradition, on the occasion of the celebration of the centenary of Mexican independence.

5- Mahogany

This tree is found in the mountains of Hidalgo. It has a straight trunk without branches up to 25 meters high, and an open canopy in the shape of an umbrella.

The wood of the trunk is reddish, heavy and solid. It is usually used for making furniture.

The 5 main animals of Hidalgo

1- Shrew

They are small mammalian animals found in the forests of Hidalgo. They are characterized by having small eyes and a long snout with whiskers. They eat their own weight on insects daily.

2- Wild cat

The wildcat is a species of carnivorous mammal that lives in the mountains of the state. It has a coat that goes from gray to brown, and black ears.

Its size is twice that of a domestic cat. It has distinctive black stripes on its front legs and a thick, black-tipped tail.

3- Porcupine

It is a rodent mammal. It is easily identifiable by its characteristic spikes that cover its skin.

When threatened, it reacts by bristling the thorns. In some cases they can project and nail the intruder or predator.

4- Owl

It is a species of bird that has raised feathers that look like ears. It has a yellow or orange coloration in the iris. They can turn their heads 270 °.

It is a very fast animal, has excellent vision and has very sharp claws.

5- Tigrillo

It is a carnivorous mammal with nocturnal habits. It has a smooth and thick skin, of a color that goes from light brown to dark ocher.

On the back and flanks it has many blackish rosettes. It is currently in danger of extinction.

References

1. Hidalgo has a great diversity of flora and fauna. (sf). Obtained from Independiente de Hidalgo: elindependientedehidalgo.com.mx
2. International Biodiversity Day. (sf). Obtained from Hidalgo grows with you: s-medioambiente.hidalgo.gob.mx
3. Estad Hidalgo. (sf). Retrieved from Wikipedia: wikipedia.org
4. Fauna of the State of Hidalgo. (sf). Obtained from Para Todo México: paratodomexico.com
5. Flora and fauna - Hidalgo. (sf). Obtained from Cuéntame - Information by entity: Cuentame.inegi.org.mx