The relationship between latitude and climate becomes visible when the first concept modifies the second with contrasts of temperatures or atmospheric pressure that cause energy and mass to be redistributed in the Earth's atmosphere in a different way.
Throughout the years, the components of the Earth's atmosphere have presented variations in their structure, due among other factors to pollution and tree felling.
This has influenced climate changes, since the absorption of energy it contains and the distribution of its gases has affected the state of the climate at a global level.
The climate has been unstable over time and historical meteorological records show it. For example, in months (short periods) there are dry and rainy periods throughout the year.
In long stages such as decades or centuries, glacial eras or warmer eras appear. Likewise, in this last century the highest historical reports in almost 130,000 years are thrown.
There are factors that influence the climate such as:
-The physical and geographical conditions that affect the transfer of heat and energy
-The latitude, distance from the sea and elevation that are the most relevant
-Other factors such as ocean currents, vegetation, large lakes, rivers, variations in thermal floors and human activity.
Relationship between latitude and climate
Latitude indicates the distance between a certain point on the earth and the equator line. Weather displays factors such as altitude, latitude, atmospheric pressure, and wind precipitation for a specific location.
Therefore, the further from the equator, the temperature will be lower and the closer it is, the higher it will be, due to the influence of the sun's rays.
The incidence of latitude on temperature is colossal, since the angle of influence of the sun's rays (determined by the latitude and the round shape of the earth) define the amount of heat that each of the regions of the globe receives.
The areas located between the tropics are the ones that receive the most heat, since the sun's rays fall more perpendicularly. In turn, in the areas furthest from the equator, the sun's rays appear in a more oblique way, lowering the temperature of the area.
The rays emitted by the sun must cover the entire surface of the earth, but since the earth is curved, the sun does not manage to distribute the heat with the same intensity in both territory, so the poles receive fewer rays of light and their temperatures they are colder than in the tropics.
In summary, the higher the latitude the temperatures are colder and the middle and lower latitudes are hotter.
References
- A., RL (2016). The Herald. Obtained from elheraldo.co.
- World Bank. (2017). Obtained from worldbank.org.
- Global Climate Change. (sf). Obtained from Cambioclimaticoglobal.com.
- EcoInventos green techology. (2017). Obtained from ecoinventos.com.
- National Geographic. (2010). Obtained from nationalgeographic.es.