- UN member states
- Founders
- Member Countries after the foundation (and date of entry)
- Observer members
- Old members
- Entities not recognized as states by the UN
- Structure of the UN
- Main functions of the UN
- References
At present, more than 200 countries make up the UN, that is, all the countries recognized internationally as sovereign nations, plus two states as observers (the Vatican City and the State of Palestine).
The United Nations Organization (UN for its acronym in Spanish, UN for its acronym in English; it can also be found as UN) is a large international entity that was created on October 24, 1945, at the end of the Second War World, through the Charter of the United Nations, which was signed at that time by 51 States.
It had its antecedents in the League of Nations, created in 1919 and dissolved in January 1946 to give way to the UN, because the first did not succeed in preventing new warfare, once the First World War ended.
The UN is today the venue to present the opinion of the countries, debate on fundamental issues of various kinds (political, social, environmental, economic, security, etc).
It also has the responsibility to settle international conflicts and take measures in order to guarantee or safeguard peace, security, sustainable development, human rights, health and many other issues of global interest.
UN member states
Founders
The 51 original or founding members who signed the Charter of United Nations in 1945 were:
1- Saudi Arabia
2- Argentina
3- Australia
4- Belgium
5- Belarus (in 1991 it changed its name to Belarus)
6- Bolivia
7- Brazil
8- Canada
9- Czechoslovakia (ceased to exist in 1992, giving rise to the Czech Republic and Slovakia)
10- Chile
11- China (later represented by the People's Republic of China)
12- Colombia
13- Costa Rica
14- Cuba
15- Denmark
16- Ecuador
17- Egypt
18- El Salvador
19- United States of America
20- Ethiopia
21- Russian Federation (originally, Soviet Union, became Russian Federation from 1991)
22- Philippines
23- France
24- Greece
25- Guatemala
26- Haiti
27- Honduras
28- India
29- Indonesia (retired in 1965 and returned in 1966)
30- Iraq
31- Iran
32- Lebanon
33- Liberia
34- Luxembourg
35- Mexico
36- Nicaragua
37- Norway
38- New Zealand
39- Netherlands
40- Panama
41- Paraguay
42- Peru
43- Poland
44- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
45- Syrian Arab Republic
46- Dominican Republic
47- South Africa
48- Turkey
49- Ukraine
50- Uruguay
51- Venezuela
52- Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of (no longer exists; gave rise to Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republic of Slovenia, the Republic of Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia).
Member Countries after the foundation (and date of entry)
53- Afghanistan - 11/19/1946
54- Albania - 12/14/1955
55- Germany - 09/18/1973 (both the Federal and Democratic Republic entered, unified under the name of Germany in October 1990).
56- Andorra - 07/28/1993
57- Angola - 12/1/1976
58- Antigua and Barbuda - 11/11/1981
59- Algeria - 10/8/1962
60- Armenia - 2/3/1992
61- Austria - 12/14/1955
62- Azerbaijan - 2/3/1992
63- Bahamas - 9/18/1973
64- Bahrain - 9/21/1971
65- Bangladesh - 9/17/1974
66- Barbados - 12/9/1966
67- Belize - 9/28/1981
68- Benin - 9/20/1960
69- Bosnia and Herzegovina - 5/22/1992
70- Botswana - 10/17/1966
71- Brunei Darussalam - 9/21/1984
72- Bulgaria - 12/14/1955
73- Burkina Faso - 9/20/1960
74- Burundi - 9/18/1962
75- Bhutan - 9/21/1971
76- Cape Verde - 9/16/1975
77- Cambodia - 12/14/1955
78- Cameroon - 9/20/1960
80- Qatar - 9/21/1971
81- Chad - 9/20/1960
82- Cyprus - 9/20/1960
83- Comoros - 11/12/1975
84- Congo - 9/20/1960
85- Ivory Coast - 9/20/1960
86- Croatia - 5/22/1992
87- Djibouti - 9/20/1977
88- Dominica - 12/18/1978
89- United Arab Emirates - 12/9/1971
90- Eritrea - 5/28/1993
91- Slovakia - 1/19/1993
92- Slovenia - 5/22/1992
93- Spain - 12/14/1955
94- Estonia - 9/17/1991
95- Finland - 12/14/1955
96- Fiji - 10/13/1970
97- Gabon - 9/20/1960
98- Gambia - 9/21/1965
99- Georgia - 7/31/1992
100- Ghana - 3/8/1957
101- Granada - 9/17/1974
102- Guinea - 12/12/1958
103- Guinea-Bissau - 9/17/1974
104- Equatorial Guinea - 11/12/1968
105- Guyana - 9/20/1966
106- Hungary - 12/14/1955
107- Indonesia - 9/28/1950
108- Ireland - 12/14/1955
109- Iceland - 11/19/1946
110- Marshall Islands - 9/17/1991
111- Solomon Islands - 9/19/1978
112- Israel - 5/11/1949
113- Italy - 12/14/1955
114- Jamaica - 9/18/1962
115- Japan - 12/18/1956
116- Jordan - 12/14/1955
117- Kazakhstan - 2/3/1992
118- Kenya - 12/16/1963
119- Kyrgyzstan - 2/3/1992
120- Kiribati - 9/14/1999
121- Kuwait - 5/14/1963
122- Lesotho - 10/17/1966
123- Latvia - 9/17/1991
124- Libya - 12/14/1955
125- Liechtenstein - 9/18/1990
126- Lithuania - 9/17/1991
127-Macedonia - 8/4/1993
128- Madagascar - 9/20/1960
129- Malaysia - 9/17/1957
130- Malawi - 12/1/1964
131- Maldives - 9/21/1965
132- Mali - 9/28/1960
133- Malta - 12/1/1964
134- Morocco - 11/12/1956
135- Mauritius - 4/24/1968
136- Mauritania - 10/27/1961
137- Micronesia - 9/17/1991
138- Monaco - 5/28/1993
139- Montenegro - 06/28/2006
140- Mongolia - 10/27/1961
141- Mozambique - 9/16/1975
142- Myanmar - 4/19/1948
143- Namibia - 4/23/1990
144- Nauru - 9/14/1999
145- Nepal - 12/14/1955
146- Niger - 9/20/1960
147- Nigeria - 10/7/1960
148- Oman - 10/7/1971
149- Pakistan - 9/30/1947
150- Palau - 12/15/1994
151- Papua New Guinea - 10/10/1975
152- Portugal - 12/14/1955
153- Central African Republic - 9/20/1960
154- Czech Republic - 1/19/1993
155- Republic of Korea - 9/17/1991
156- Republic of Moldova - 2/3/1992
157- Democratic Rep. Of Congo - 9/20/1960
158- Lao People's Democratic Republic - 12/14/1955
159- Dem. People's Rep. Of Korea - 9/17/1991
160- United Republic of Tanzania - 12/14/1961
161- Rwanda - 9/18/1962
162- Romania - 12/14/1955
163- Saint Kitts and Nevis - 09/23/1983
164- Samoa - 12/15/1976
165- San Marino - 2/3/1992
166- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines - 9/16/1980
167- Santa Lucia - 9/18/1979
168- Sao Tome and Principe - 9/16/1975
169- Senegal - 9/28/1960
170- Serbia - 11/1/2000
171- Seychelles - 9/21/1976
172- Sierra Leone - 9/27/1961
173- Singapore - 9/21/1965
174- Somalia - 9/20/1960
175- Sri Lanka - 12/14/1955
176- Sudan - 11/12/1956
177- South Sudan - 7/14/2011
178- Sweden - 11/19/1946
179- Switzerland - 10/9/2002
180- Suriname - 12/4/1975
181- Swaziland - 9/24/1968
182- Thailand - 12/16/1946
183- Tajikistan - 2/3/1992
184- East Timor - 9/27/2002
185- Togo - 9/20/1960
186- Tonga - 9/14/1999
187- Trinidad and Tobago - 9/18/1962
188- Tunisia - 11/12/1956
189- Turkmenistan - 2/3/1992
190- Tuvalu - 9/5/2000
191- Uganda - 10/25/1962
192- Uzbekistan - 2/3/1992
193- Vanuatu - 9/15/1981
194- Vietnam - 9/20/1977
195- Yemen - 9/30/1947
196- Djibouti - 9/20/1977
197- Zambia - 12/1/1964
198- Zimbabwe - 8/25/1980
Observer members
199- Holy See - since 2004
200- Palestine - since 2012
Old members
201- United Arab Republic - from 1958 to 1971
202- Tanganyika - from 1961 to 1964
203- Zanzibar - from 1963 to 1964
Entities not recognized as states by the UN
204- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR)
205- Taiwan
206- Niue and the Cook Islands (associated with New Zealand)
207- Kosovo
208- Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Structure of the UN
The highest authority and representative of the UN administrative body is the Secretary General, who is also the president of the Executive Council. He is appointed by the General Assembly every five years with the possibility of re-election only once.
Recently, the Portuguese António Guterres was elected as Secretary General for the period 2017-2021, replacing the North Korean Ban Ki-Moon who held the position for two full terms.
In addition to the General Assembly, the UN has the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council, in addition to the International Court of Justice.
On the other hand, there are numerous bodies that depend on the General Assembly, the General Secretariat and the different Councils, in charge of managing programs and funds, as well as promoting research and training to achieve their objectives.
Main functions of the UN
Celebration of international events that contribute to the fulfillment of the objectives of the United Nations Charter.
- Arms control and disarmament.
- Promotion and maintenance of international peace.
- Watch over Human Rights.
- Humanitarian assistance
References
- United Nations. Recovered from un.org.
- Members of the United Nations. Recovered from cinu.mx.
- United Nations Organization and United Nations General Secretariat. Recovered from wikipedia.org.