WHAT IS THE SPEECH CIRCUIT? - CULTURE VOCABULARY - 2024

The speech circuit is the communication system that is used in all human interactions on a daily basis, either through speech or mimicry. This circuit is what facilitates the transition of information through language and signs.

In order for effective communication to be established, it is essential that all circuit components are properly established, otherwise, a clear understanding of the message will not be possible, and therefore a response will not be obtained according to the topic.

The elements that make up the speech circuit are rooted in language functions that are characterized by being individual, dynamic and changing. The components of speech are known as: speaker (sender), listener (receiver), message, medium and channel.

Language is one of the most important codes of the speech circuit since it plays a fundamental role so that the speaker has a support of spoken or written expression for the transmission of ideas.

For an appropriate communication process to take place, it is necessary for the sender and receiver to use the same code, so that the encoding and decoding of the message occurs and thus interpreting its content.

That is, the two interlocutors must speak the same language or language, for example sign language that is based on gestures.

The communication process

Communication is established through the speech circuit when a speaker emits a coded message to express some information and it is received.

Encoding refers to the fact that the sender must use associations established in a certain language to build a message, where each element used makes up the code.

The feedback process occurs when the receiver decompresses the encoding of the message composed of linguistic signs, that is, words that, when understood, allow a response that closes the circuit.

When the circuit is closed, a new one immediately begins when the roles are exchanged: the receiver becomes the sender and the sender becomes the receiver and vice versa. During the interaction, ideas, emotions, opinions, feelings, among others, are expressed.

Speech circuit components / elements

The purpose of the speech circuit is nothing more than to achieve effective communication. And for this to be adequate, the elements that will make it possible to communicate a precise message between the participants must be present.

The circuit should aim for harmony, understanding and clear understanding of what is said.

The efficiency of the speech circuit depends on a correct handling of each component, if any of them were to be missing or behaved unexpectedly, the communicational purpose may be lost; therefore each element in communication must fulfill its function.

Speaker or sender

It is the person who speaks and builds a message to create a communication bridge with another person in particular with the intention of getting a message to him.

The speaker has the responsibility to check the appropriate channel and to handle the code to use to express his ideas.

It is important that the message is constructed in a coherent way and applying the rules of a good speaker, such as being precise and thinking well what to say, looking the receiver in the face with attention, using an appropriate tone of voice and articulating clearly.

Listener or receiver

It is the subject who receives the message; is the final recipient. Its function is to listen or read to interpret what is broadcast and give a response subject to the communication.

It is also responsible for indicating whether the code used by the speaker is appropriate for the development of communication.

At the same time, you must demonstrate to the broadcaster that the channel is free and open so that there is no noise or interference in the transmission.

It is your responsibility to apply the rules of the good listener which consist of listening carefully, looking at the speaker, not interrupting the speaker and speaking when the other has finished their presentation.

Message

It is the content of what is being said, the set of ideas that the speaker seeks to transmit through a particular communication channel.

They can be concepts, news, requests, wishes, opinions, emotions, situations, among others; so that the listener reacts to them and fixes a position on something determined.

The message is a fundamental pillar for exchanging information and is the object of communication through speech, writing or audiovisual.

Code

It is the language with which the sender and receiver communicate to build a message. Both parties must use the same code for the exchange of information to be possible.

The code is made up of linguistic, graphic, mimic or pictographic symbols with which the message is encoded.

Channel

It is the medium through which the information signals that contain a message travel. The channels can be personal, between two or more individuals, or massive, such as radio, television, computer or written press broadcasts.

For example, in face-to-face communication the medium is the air, but if a communication is established by telephone, it can be said that the medium is the telephone.

On the other hand, if it is a communication by instant messaging, the medium would be the device used for the transmission; in case it is written, for example by letters, the medium would be paper.

Verbal and non-verbal communication

There are different types of communication between individuals, but the most prominent and used are the verbal and non-verbal form, which can be used separately or simultaneously to make the explanation to the receiver more complete.

When beginning a message transmission, the language used must adapt to the receiver so that it is accepted and understood, it must be taken into account that the content must be clear, simple, concise, descriptive, and that it is not redundant to avoid confusion.

Verbal communication

It is the one that the transmitter reproduces through speech and is characterized by the use of words, either by telephone, in person, during exhibitions, debates, among others.

This type of communication is not strictly limited to oral emission, but also develops through written language in various codes such as alphabets.

The biggest element of importance is the voice, tone or intention that you want to convey. As for the written mode, punctuation marks can be used to designate emotions or intentions, in this way more information is provided to the receiver about the speaker, her personality and point of view.

A disadvantage of oral communication is that it can lead to misunderstandings due to a misinterpretation or poor precision in the message, based on the fact that the interlocutors' way of understanding and interpretation is not the same.

Today, verbal communication has adapted to the technological changes of recent years promoting the existence of new forms of communication such as email, text messages, chat, voice notes, videos and video calls.

In some cases of written communication, due to the immediacy, many abbreviations are used that modify the message and make changes in the way of communicating.

Non-verbal communication

It involves not only what is expressed intentionally but also what is expressed physiologically through body language, gaze, posture, hands and general appearance that offer a lot of information from the subjects. It is all the language that is transmitted without depending on the voice.

The non-verbal acts that make up this type of communication change according to the context in which they take place.

For example, signs can be used to determine the size of an object in a hardware store or to indicate how many units of a product are required when it is purchased from the market.

Non-verbal communication has its beginnings before humanity evolved into spoken language.

Non-verbal communication can also be found in animals. The non-verbal act can be the result of cultural environment and social habits. For example, in a certain territory, the same sign may mean something totally different in another territory.

You may be interested 11 Non-verbal Language Tricks (Male and Female).

References

1. Rhondda Fahey. Arbitrary Nature of Language. (2003). Recovered from: ling110resource.tripod.com.
2. Jack Mize. Getting Your Way onto the Speaking Circuit. Source: inc.com.
3. William A. Kretzschmar. Foundations of the Linguistics of Speech. (2009). Recovered frombooks.google.com.
4. Daniel Chandler. Semiotics for Beginners. (2017). Recovered from: visual-memory.co.uk
5. The speech circuit and its components: grammar.celeberrima.com.
6. The thinker. The speech circuit. (2016). Recovered from: educacion.elpensante.com.