- How are values formed?
- The different types of human values (with examples)
- Universal values
- Human values
- Personal values
- Family values
- Sociocultural values
- Moral values
- Spiritual values
- Aesthetic values
- Material values
- Intellectual values
- Instrumental values
- Political values
- Professional or labor values
- Company values
- Importance of values What are they for?
- Other types of securities
- References
The types of values can be classified as universal, human, personal, family, sociocultural, moral, ethical, aesthetic, spiritual, material, economic and pragmatic.
Values are principles that guide the behavior of human beings and that serve as a guide in the development of an organization or society. For example, a person who gives importance to having free time and not depending on what others want would have the value of freedom.
Sharing values is important, since this means that the members of a community understand, accept and share codes that will guarantee a harmonious coexistence and mutual respect.
How are values formed?
Values are beliefs or ideals with which people evaluate situations, people, things, actions or events. From that evaluation, it is decided if something is bad or good, desirable or undesirable.
Values influence the decisions and behaviors that people make throughout their lives. They are therefore principles of action. For example, if a person values "friendship" - she therefore has the value of friendship - she will decide to spend more time with her friends and will give importance to it over other things.
Colloquially, the word "values" has a positive connotation. If it is said that someone "has values", it means that they have values such as respect, humility, perseverance, honesty or others that are considered socially positive. Values that have a negative connotation are called antivalues.
However, really all people have values, you cannot "have no values." If someone values being selfish or proud, they also have the values of selfishness or pride.
Axiology is the branch of philosophy that studies values and evaluative judgments.
The different types of human values (with examples)
There are many types of values, from the most general - accepted by the majority of human beings - to the most personal and intimate, inherent to each individual.
All kinds of values help cooperation between people, enable life in society, and guide people's lives.
The following classification is done to help you better understand the values and to understand popular terminology.
Universal values
The responsibility or love of a father for his children are examples of universal values.
Universal values are called those that are considered positive by the vast majority of cultures, countries and human beings.
Some examples of universal values:
- Sincerity: agreement or agreement between what is thought, what is said, what is felt and what is done.
- Responsibility: it is the moral obligation to answer for our actions, without anyone forcing us, but for the “should be”.
- Justice: knowing and accepting which part is right and giving it to them by right.
- Freedom: being able to act and think according to one's own criteria and will, without corrupting the rights of others.
- Kindness: doing good actions towards other people.
- Honesty: being faithful to the truth, telling it and not hiding it.
- Love: virtue that allows you to feel and express feelings of kindness, affection and compassion.
- Friendship: feeling of affection and closeness between people who share a certain affinity.
- Respect: acceptance, consideration and delicacy in the treatment of people, animals, and the environment, thanks to the recognition of their qualities or merits.
- Trust: hope, security or act of faith of one person towards another or with their environment.
- Solidarity: it is the moral commitment that people acquire to help each other, support each other and commit to common causes.
- Comprehension: the ability of an individual to put themselves in the place of another and understand their point of view.
Human values
Loyalty, solidarity or sensitivity are some of the human values that a human being can have for another sick person.
Human values are called those that are considered essential in a person or human being. When a person possesses any of these values, they are said to be "very human." Some human values are:
- Solidarity
- Tolerance
- Amiability
- Humility
- Loyalty
- Sensitivity
Personal values
Constancy, discipline or perseverance are some values that are acquired in school.
They are the ones who help guide you through life, build it, make decisions, and interact with other people. They are a mix of sociocultural, family and individual values, the latter created by unique experiences.
Examples:
- Loyalty
- Gratitude
- Discipline
- Patience
- Constancy
- Empathy
- Understanding
- Perseverance
Family values
Family values are very important to most people.
Family values are those that are held within a particular family. They come from beliefs that have been passed down from generation to generation. For example, parents in a family may value perseverance, respect, or family bonding.
Examples:
- Family junction
- Respect for the elderly
- Amiability
- Honesty
- Solidarity
- Sincerity
Sociocultural values
Mexico is an example of patriotism, one of the most widespread socio-cultural values in the world. Photo by Yucel M on Unsplash
Sociocultural values are the broadest set of beliefs accepted by a society that shares common codes.
Although there are universal values such as friendship that are considered positive in almost all countries, there are others that differ from one country to another. For example, the people of a country - generally - can give more importance to religion and respect. Those of another country -generally- can give more importance to freedom of expression and fun.
Examples:
- Patriotism (there are countries more patriotic than others)
- Religion / value religious customs
- Punctuality (there are countries where people are more punctual)
- Generosity
- Solidarity
- Family (for example, in Latin countries the family is usually valued more)
Moral values
Educational centers have the obligation to teach moral values such as tolerance, respect for others or honesty.
Moral values are called those that are essential to live in society and make ethical decisions.
Examples:
- Respect to the others
- Tolerance
- Loyalty
- Honesty
Spiritual values
Religious beliefs are part of the majority of the world's civilizations.
Spiritual values are called those that value non-material aspects.
Examples:
- Religious beliefs
- Harmony
- Faith
Aesthetic values
Art is an example of aesthetic value, where the beauty or perspective of the work influences.
Aesthetic values are those that refer to the beauty or ugliness of things.
Material values
Pharmaceutical products are a good example of material values that help us improve our health.
Material values are the specific elements that coexist with people and help them to survive and live more comfortably.
These values are related to material goods that cover basic needs such as clothing, food, health and leisure.
It is said that someone has "material values" when they have a preference for things that can be bought or obtained over spirituality, friendship or non-material values.
Intellectual values
Curiosity and study are part of the intellectual values.
The intellectual values of the human being are those that improve man in terms of reason, intellect and memory.
Examples:
- Wisdom
- Reading
- Curiosity
Instrumental values
Helping with housework is a kind gesture.
Instrumental values are called those that allow us to achieve practical objectives, useful for personal well-being.
Examples:
- Amiability
- Thoroughness
- Perseverance
Political values
When we go to vote political values such as democracy or freedom are present. Photo by Arnaud Jaegers on Unsplash
Political values are the political ideas that a person defends.
Examples:
- Freedom
- Equality
- Democracy
Professional or labor values
Scientists have a great responsibility when acting in their field of work.
Professional values are the ideas that a person has about how to act in a professional context. For example, a person may have the idea that a job should be responsible and loyal.
Examples:
- Loyalty
- Responsibility
- Creativity
Company values
Company values are essential for you to get the most out of it.
They are the values that are shared within a company, that are promoted so that their employees have them.
Examples:
- Cooperation
- Teamwork
- Communication
- Innovation
Importance of values What are they for?
Values are important because they help people decide what is important in life. On the other hand, they are essential to live in society. Universal values -considered positive- such as solidarity or tolerance allow people to respect and coexist despite their differences.
Based on this, the values are useful for:
- Rank what is really important.
- Decide the most appropriate behavior among multiple options.
- Act in accordance with our ideas and principles.
-Live in society.
-Have shared ideas about what is important.
Other types of securities
Cultural values.
Hierarchy of values.
Priority values.
Personal values.
Transcendental values.
Objective values.
Vital values.
Ethical values.
Priority values.
Religious values.
Civic values.
Social values.
Corporate values.
References
- Arturo Cardona Sánchez (2000). Formation of Values: theory, Reflections and Answers. Editorial Grijalbo, Mexico.
- Graham Haydon (1997). Teaching values: a new approach. Editions Morata, Spain.
- Escobar, Arredondo and Albarrán (2014). Ethics and values. Grupo Editorial Patria. Mexico.
- Value (Axiology). Recovered from es.wikipedia.org.