HOW IS THE RELIEF OF THE HIGH JUNGLE? - ENVIRONMENT - 2025

The relief of the high jungle is a topographic region formed by the natural mountain rain forests of Peru. Located between the eastern wing of the Andes Mountains of Peru, the low jungle of the Amazon and the Peruvian Sierra.

It is variable, with narrow valleys and extreme slopes ranging from 3,500 to 2,000 meters above sea level, below that height, the valleys become wider and the relief becomes less complex.

Types of relief of the high jungle of Peru

In this relief different characteristics are presented according to its geographical location.

High jungle, jungle, mountain or mountain brow

These are the names popularly used for cloud, dense and rainy mountain forests, located towards the eastern part of the Peruvian Andes.

It begins where the Amazon plain ends and the mountains rise. From 600 to approximately 3,000 meters above sea level.

High jungle or Rupa-Rupa

It is the jungle covered by a very dense tropical forest, which is located towards the eastern part of the Peruvian Andes.

With a height that ranges from 500 to 1000 meters above sea level. It is the rainiest and cloudiest area in all of Peru. Its relief is made up of the valleys of the Amazon, steep mountains and caves.

High jungle or Yungas

They are the intricate mountain jungle forests, narrow valleys, and steep slopes, located east of the Andes in Peru.

With a height that ranges from 800 to 3500 meters above sea level. It has a very diverse climate.

Characteristics of the high jungle relief

Various geographical and topographic factors define it.

Altitude

The altitude in the high jungle relief ranges between 600 and 3,500 meters above sea level.

Geographic boundaries

The boundaries of the high jungle relief region are to the north with Ecuador, to the south with Bolivia, to the east with the low jungle and to the west with the equatorial dry forest.

Floors

The soils in the high jungle relief suffer constant sliding and erosion processes, due to frequent rainfall, steep slopes, burning and indiscriminate felling of its forests.

They are divided into 3 types that are:

1-Acrisols in the lower parts. Composed of very acidic soils, little saturated and with high levels of clay, which limits them for agricultural use.

2-Cambisols in the intermediate parts. They are soils with very little presence of clay and organic matter, which makes them very suitable for agricultural use.

3-Lithosols in the upper parts. They are thin and stony soils that have not managed to evolve due to erosion, have little vegetation and are not suitable for agriculture.

Weather

In the high jungle relief there are 2 very well differentiated climates:

1- Between 2,000 and 3,500 meters above sea level, the characteristic climate is cold, with an average temperature of 12 º C. and moderate rainfall averaging 700 mm / year.

2-Between 600 and 2,500 meters above sea level, the characteristic climate is semi-hot and very humid, with an average temperature of 22º C; high rainfall, ranging between 2,000 and 6,000 mm / year. Mists are frequent in the mornings and nights.

Rivers

The rivers in the relief of the high jungle are very torrential, the presence of numerous waterfalls makes them mostly non-navigable. Likewise, streams abound.

The main rivers of the high jungle are: Marañón, Huallaga, Ene, Abiseo, Mayo, Pachitea, Tambo and Perené.

References

1. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (1993). Management and conservation of the dense forests of tropical America. Food & Agriculture Org.
2. Raghunath, HM (1987). Ground Water. New Delhi: New Age International.
3. High jungle. (August 30, 2017). The free encyclopedia. Recovered on 01 of 09 of 2017, from Es.wikipedia.org
4. United Nations Environment Program, Organization of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty, University of the Pacific. (2009). Environmental perspectives in the Amazon: Geo Amazonia. UNEP Earthprint.
5. Zizek, M. (28 of 07 of 2017). High Forest and Low Forest in Peru. Retrieved on 09/01/2017, from www.aboutespanol.com.