- characteristics
- It's basically the languages
- It advocates the organization of indigenous languages
- In the organization, names are respected according to the language
- Linguistic variants are treated as languages
- Language is seen as an identity element
- It is legal
- Examples
- References
The linguistic grouping is a set of idiomatic varieties congregated under the name that was assigned in the historical evolution to a certain indigenous people. It is purely organizational in nature. These groupings are in turn subordinated to a larger organizational structure, called the “linguistic family”.
Currently Mexico is one of the countries with the largest number of native language families, a total of 11. From these derive 68 linguistic groupings, and from these in turn derive 364 linguistic variants. These data according to the Inali (National Institute of Indigenous Languages).
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These linguistic groupings contain below themselves, as their derivatives, the so-called “linguistic variants”. These are nothing more than dialect differences emanating from the original linguistic center, that is, the linguistic family.
The importance of this ordinance is such that Unesco considers it an intangible heritage of humanity, and has plenty of material to be classified in this way, with language being the means that links men for the exchange of knowledge.
If an analogy is made, one could see a terrain with several parcels, that terrain is the linguistic field. Each plot contains a different species of tree, each species represents a linguistic family. Now, each tree, for its part, is a linguistic grouping and its branches are the variants.
By simple association it can be deduced, and so it is, that each grouping is related to the other adjacent congregations sheltered under the same linguistic family. At the same time, within each group, are its variants, product of the docility of language with respect to the communicative need of man.
characteristics
It's basically the languages
If contextualized at the macro level, linguistic groupings are the languages themselves.
Simply, as a deserved and fair treatment, the study and the necessary categorization were applied to them for their recognition as complete and complex idiomatic compendia that represent the communicative means of a group of individuals.
It advocates the organization of indigenous languages
Its purpose has been applied in its entirety to the study and schematization of native native languages. With this, a linguistic map has been generated that has facilitated the link and correlation between the different variants, revealing the intricate paths that are involved in the development of human communication.
In the organization, names are respected according to the language
As part of the objectives of linguistic groupings, it is the recognition of each community of speakers and the properties of the language that unite them and facilitate their interaction.
The names of each grouping preserve the sound and grammatical characteristics of the language to which they are subjected.
Linguistic variants are treated as languages
Part of the advances and contributions of this conceptualization is the recognition and acceptance of each of the linguistic variants of the groups as languages in their entirety.
This, however small it may seem, endows the speakers of said dialect variant with countless rights, because they are recognized in every sense and the protection of their oral and written manifestations is sought. This achieves notoriety in the social and historical sphere.
Language is seen as an identity element
This is perhaps one of the most important features. The categorization and recognition of native linguistic groups places special emphasis on language as an element of identity, as a factor that defines the identity of a people.
And in reality it is so, language is the sound and graphic fingerprint of the peoples. It is a reflection of the complex interrelationships that occur between the subjects that make up a community, as well as between the community itself and its geographical environment.
The territorial context conditions the communicative fact in various aspects, the most marked being of a phonological nature, associated with the rhythm and intonation of speech.
It is legal
In addition to the aforementioned characteristics, there is not only an identity and face-to-face recognition, but there is also a legal recognition that seeks to protect the oral heritage of said groups.
This quality endows the speakers with a safeguard of their interests before the different instances present in society.
What do you mean by that? Well, among so many benefits, the speakers of a linguistic group are guaranteed the presence of interlocutors who act as mediators or translators in social assistance entities to fully enjoy their services.
By recognizing and respecting the language, support and respect is given to its speaker, it is possible to make visible those who generate the sound and written medium that makes it possible for the legacy of the native peoples not to perish.
There is the real richness of the different cultures, everything that has remained and prevailed through oral tradition thanks to language. If languages are protected and recognized, the treasure they hold and represent prevails.
Examples
- The linguistic group "ku'ahl" is named after the people that use it and belongs to the "Cochimí-yumana" linguistic family. It has no dialect or linguistic variants and is called ku'ahl.
- The "Chocholteco" is a linguistic group named after the people that use it and belongs to the "Oto-mangue" linguistic family. It has three dialect variants: West Chocholteco (self-styled: ngiba), Eastern Chocholteco (self-styled: ngiba), and Southern Chocholteco (self-styled: ngigua).
- The “Chontal de Oaxaca” linguistic group is named after the people that use it and belongs to the “Chontal de Oaxaca” linguistic family. It has three dialect variants: Chontal from Oaxaca Alto (self-styled: tsame), Chontal from Oaxaca Low (self-styled: tsome), and Chontal from Oaxaca de la Costa (self-styled: Lajltyaygi).
- The "paipai" is a linguistic group named after the people that use it and belongs to the "Cochimí-yumana" linguistic family. It has no dialect variants and is self-styled: jaspuy pai.
- The “Seri” linguistic grouping is named after the people that use it and belongs to the “Seri” linguistic family. It has no dialect variants and is self-styled: comiique iitom.
It is important to clarify that when it is said "it calls itself", it refers to how the linguistic group names said dialect variant in its language.
References
- Navarro, E. (2013). Linguistic groupings. Mexico: WordPress. Recovered from: unmexicomejor.wordpress.com
- Catalog of national indigenous languages. (S. f.). Mexico: Inali. Recovered from: inali.gob.mx
- Briseño Chel, F. (S. f.). Linguistic diversity in the catalog of national languages. Mexico: Yucatán, Identity and Mayan culture. Recovered from: mayas.uady.mx
- Martínez, R. (2012). Guidelines for intercultural communication. Mexico: Oral tradition. Recovered from: books.google.co.ve
- Castro, F. (S. f.). The indigenous languages of Mexico, according to Inali. Mexico: WordPress. Recovered from: felipecastro.wordpress.com